hammer-backup


What is hammer-backup?

This script operates HAMMER PFSes and dumps its contents for backup purposes.

It uses mirror-read directive (see ‘man 8 hammer’) to perform a dump to stdout that is redirected to a file with or without compression.

It can take two types of backup:

  • Full: Where ALL the data of the PFS is sent to a file.
  • Inremental: It requires a previous full backup.

Additionally to the backup data itself, it creates a .bkp file which contains metadata relative to the full and/or incremental backups. The format is the following:

filename,rsv01,rsv02,backup type,shared uuid,last TID,md5 hash

filename   : Backup data file file.
rsv01,rsv02: Reserved fields
backup type: 1 or 2 (full or incremental, respectively)
shared uuid: PFS shared UUID for mirror ops
last TID   : Last transaction ID. Next incr. backup starting TID
md5 hash   : For restoring purposes

Example:

> head -1 20140305222026_pfs_t1_full.xz.bkp
20140305222026_pfs_t1_full.xz.bkp,,,1,e8decfc5-a4ab-11e3-942b-f56d04d293e0,000000011b36be30,05482d26644bd1e76e69d83002e08258

How to use it?

General usage.

$ hammer-backup -h
Usage: hammer-backup.sh [-h] [-l] [-v] [-i <full-backup-file>] [-f] [-c <compress-rate>] -d [<backup-dir>] <path-to-PFS>

 -h: Help outputo above.
 -v: Verbose
 -i <full-backup-file>: Incremental backup. Needs the full backup metadata file.
                        Relative path to -d. You can specify 'auto' and the
                        script should determine what's the latest full backup.
 -f: Full backup
 -c: Compress rate for xz(1)
 -d: Backup directory
 -l: List backups from backup directory.
 -k: Validates integrity of all backup files.
 <path-to-PFS>: PFS path to backup

Performing a full backup

$ hammer-backup -v -f -c 6 -d /root/backups /pfs/var
INFO: Full backup.
INFO: XZ compression level 6.
INFO: Backup directory is /root/backups.
INFO: Validating PFS
INFO: Initiating full backup
INFO: Launching: hammer -y -v mirror-read /pfs/var  2> /tmp/tmp.UdOwvYhv         | xz -c -6 > /root/backups/20140308001146_pfs_var.xz
INFO: Backup completed.

NOTE: -v is optional. Also note /pfs/var is found in standard installations.

Perform an incremental backup over a full one

First list the backups available:

$ hammer-backup -l -d /root/backups
20140308001146_pfs_var.xz.bkp:
 full: 20140308001146_pfs_var.xz endtid: 0x000000011db6dc20 md5: 303ee864f4a747d9da7d556e83b05de5

You can then specify the .bkp file you want. See the timestamp, and the path to PFS separated by ‘_’ are embedded to it.

$ hammer-backup -c 6 -v -i 20140308001146_pfs_var.xz.bkp -d /root/backups /pfs/var
INFO: Incremental backup.
INFO: Backup directory is /root/backups.
INFO: Validating PFS
INFO: Initiating incremental backup
INFO: Launching: hammer -y -v mirror-read /pfs/var 0x000000011db6dc20 2> /tmp/tmp.AleUwNnA       | xz -c -6 > /root/backups/20140308002450_pfs_var.xz
INFO: Backup completed.
$ hammer-backup -l -d /root/backups
20140308001146_pfs_var.xz.bkp:
 full: 20140308001146_pfs_var.xz endtid: 0x000000011db6dc20 md5: 303ee864f4a747d9da7d556e83b05de5
        incr: 20140308002450_pfs_var.xz endtid: 0x000000011db6e440 md5: 7a7c2799b880a293f2c8270c6a9b22aa

Recovering a PFS.

If you are really familiar with HAMMER you can do it manually, so following our previous example:

  • Locate the backup we want to recover.
$ hammer-backup -l -d /root/backups
full: 20140308001146_pfs_var.xz endtid: 0x000000011db6dc20 md5: 303ee864f4a747d9da7d556e83b05de5
        incr: 20140308002450_pfs_var.xz endtid: 0x000000011db6e440 md5: 7a7c2799b880a293f2c8270c6a9b22aa
  • Mirror-write the files in the correct order. First the full, then the incremental ones. NOTE: -y on the hammer command will actually create a slave PFS.
$ unxz -c /root/backups/20140308001146_pfs_var.xz | hammer -y mirror-write /pfs/var_2
PFS slave /pfs/var_2 does not exist. Auto create new slave PFS!
Creating PFS #10        succeeded!
/pfs/var_2
    sync-beg-tid=0x0000000000000001
    sync-end-tid=0x0000000000000001
    shared-uuid=ce020232-9a71-11e3-8278-f56d04d293e0
    unique-uuid=e569a0c9-a650-11e3-942b-f56d04d293e0
    slave
    label=""
    prune-min=00:00:00
    operating as a SLAVE
    snapshots directory defaults to /var/hammer/<pfs>
Source can update synctid to 0x000000011db6dc20
  • Next, incremental ones:
$ unxz -c /root/backups/20140308002450_pfs_var.xz | hammer -y mirror-write /pfs/var_2
Source can update synctid to 0x000000011db6e440
  • Once done, you can just upgrade the /pfs/var_2
$ hammer pfs-upgrade /pfs/var_2
pfs-upgrade of PFS#10 () succeeded

For the example we used you have to make sure no process is using the current /var PFS, and if none is you can just go ahead and unmount it. Afterwards you can modify the symbolic link in /pfs to point to the restored one as needed.

Manipulating dumps

You can upload the .xz files and the .bkp files whenever you want, for example a remote FTP server.